Three Knights Game icon

Chess Opening · C46

Three Knights Game

For sub-1000 ELO players

The Three Knights Game (ECO C46) is best met with 4. Nd5 after 3...Bb4, evaluated at +0.3 by Stockfish 17 at depth 25. In the Three Knights Game (Steinitz Defense) variation, Black pins the knight with Bb4 but White can jump to d5 with tempo. At sub-1000 ELO, players play Bb4 without a follow-up plan, allowing White to seize the initiative.

The Best Response

Moves to Play

White · Black alternating

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 Nc6
3. Nc3 Bb4

1. e4 e5: Both sides contest the center with king pawn moves. 2. Nf3 Nc6: White develops the knight attacking e5, and Black defends with Nc6. 3. Nc3 Bb4: White develops the second knight, and Black pins it with the bishop, entering the Three Knights Game.

Who Stands Better

Computer score
+0.3

(slight advantage for White)

In plain termsAfter 4. Nd5, White is +0.3 according to Stockfish 17 at depth 25. White gains a strong central knight and the initiative.

Copy these moves:

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nd5 Be7

3 Mistakes Sub-1000 Players Make

These are the patterns we see in games below 1000 ELO. Fix these and you'll stop losing to this opening.

Black ignores the asymmetry created by 3...Bc5 and plays routine moves, missing the opportunity to punish White for not playing the Four Knights.

Best reply: Nd5
Why it happens:

Black ignores the asymmetry created by 3...Bc5 and plays routine moves, missing the opportunity to punish White for not playing the Four Knights.

Best reply: Nxe5
Why it happens:

Black ignores the asymmetry created by 3...Bc5 and plays routine moves, missing the opportunity to punish White for not playing the Four Knights.

Best reply: Nd5
Why it happens:

Why This Opening Trips You Up

The Core Problem

Sub-1000 players enter the Three Knights because they know Nc3 is a developing move, but they don't have a plan for the middlegame that follows. Playing Bb4 looks active but has no real bite.

Before Your Next Game

After 3. Nc3, play 3...Nf6 to transpose to the Four Knights Game where plans are clearer. Avoid Bb4 unless you know the theory.

What to Study

Learn the difference between the Three Knights and Four Knights games so you can choose the right setup.

Engine-verified by Stockfish 17 at depth 25. Reviewed by Jon Stenstrom, Chess.com 759 Daily, Founder, 1000elo.com.

Play this opening? See how it's actually working for you.

Enter your Chess.com username and get a free analysis of your last 10 games, including which opening patterns are costing you points.

Analyze My Games Free →

More Opening Guides